CD Replication: Recommended Licensing Tips and Considerations
 Morris Anderson

So, your band just finished recording their first album and are
now looking to get 1000 retail-ready CD's inside shiny jewel
cases, with killer graphics and all the prerequisite bells &
whistles for a CD replication project. Good for you and your band
- this is by no means a trivial undertaking!

But WAIT, there are potential land-mines around the corner if
you're not careful. Have you covered someone else's song? Do
you have samples of another artist's music on your CD? What
about copyright issues - both on your material, and anyone
else's? Unless you pay careful attention to the finer details,
you could get burned - legally or otherwise... Ouch!

The following tips, recommendations, considerations and answers
to common questions that will help prevent you from falling into
any land-mines or legal licensing pot holes and enable you to
move forward on a successful CD replication project:


Covering Someone Else's Song:

While many artists think it's OK to cover someone else's
original performance without the necessary mechanical license -
especially if there are no samples of that performance on their
disc - you are in a legal grey-area and run the risk of having
problems later on. It is therefore recommended that you obtain
the mechanical license to comply with copyright laws and to
properly pay royalties to the original songwriter.


Tips and Recommendations:

1. Contact the Harry Fox Agency in New York. Here you can obtain
the license and prepay royalty fees. If you are replicating less
than 2500 CD units, you can complete your application online by
visiting the Song File website.

2. Perhaps a better choice, though more time consuming is to
contact the copyright holder directly and negotiate a royalty
rate. This could be a much better choice for you if your CD sells
well. In order to find out who owns the song's copyright you
will have to contact American Society of Composers, Authors &
Publishers (ASCAP)


Sampling Other Artist's Songs:

This is not a grey-area, but a hard and fast rule:

* If you are sampling another artist's material (regardless of
how small that sample), you must obtain the proper license -
period!


Tips and Recommendations:

1. This license is called a Master Use License. You cannot
replicate copies of your CD without this licensing paperwork. Any
replicator or CD replication company who makes you copies is
potentially liable without this license - and will be very firm
on this point and will not proceed with your order until you can
produce it.

2. Again, you can find out who owns the rights to songs by
contacting ASCAP. There are no exceptions to this rule, so be
prepared ahead of time and don't get your project rejected by
your CD replication partner.


Q: What is a IP Replication Rights Form?

A: Most reputable CD replication companies have joined the
Anti-Piracy Compliance Program run by the International Recording
Media Association (IRMA). The IRMA protects copyright holders
(owners) from unauthorized duplication of their materials
(intellectual property). The IRMA also goes after pirates and
replicators who duplicate unauthorized product. What this means
to you is that if you try to duplicate discs with someone else's
content, without the support rights paperwork you could loose
your masters and money as your CD replication company gets closed
down by the IRMA.

* Obviously this would be an extreme example, but the threat
remains and no reputable replication company would take the risk.
They would simply reject your masters and refuse to duplicate -
and many change a cancellation fee. It's your responsibility to
gather the required licenses/releases ahead of time.


Q: How do I copyright my own materials?

A: You would get in touch with the US Library of Congress
(www.copyright.gov) to request the forms needed to copyright your
music.

* Once complete, send them the form, a copy of your recorded
materials (on CD), a lyric sheet and the registration fee. Within
a few weeks you would receive confirmation that your material was
copyrighted.

* Once copyrighted you should seek a licensing agency who can
track all radio plays of your songs and pay you for any royalties
due.


In Conclusion:

Cutting your master disc is only the beginning on your road to a
successful CD release. Before anything else, you need to make
sure you have the licensing paperwork in place. If you send a
master to a CD replication company who doesn't ask you for IPR
paperwork - RUN! Piracy is a big problem in the industry and
agencies like the IRMA are actively pursuing those individuals
and companies not following the rules. You have been warned.




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With over 20 years experience in CD replication production
Morris Anderson, (co-Founder and CEO of the smaller, more
boutique CD DVD replication company, PacificDisc Inc.)
specializes in helping first-timers complete the CD or
DVD replication process.  To learn more about CD or DVD
Replication or to partner with a first-rate CD Replication
company, visit: http://www.pacificdisc.com